Down Syndrome

Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
It can affect:
• Physical development
• Muscle tone and coordination
• Cognitive skills
• Speech and language
• Daily life activities
People with Down syndrome often have delays in reaching developmental milestones. Occupational Therapy Helps in:
1. Improving Fine Motor Skills
• Grasping and holding objects
• Writing or drawing
• Buttoning shirts, tying shoelaces
• Using utensils
These help with school readiness and self-care.
2. Daily Living Skills (ADLs) OT helps individuals learn to do things on their own, like:
• Brushing teeth
• Getting dressed
• Using the toilet
• Feeding themselves
3. Sensory Processing Some individuals with Down syndrome may have sensory processing challenges—meaning they can be under- or over-sensitive to sounds, textures, lights, or touch. OT uses:
• Sensory integration therapy
• Calming strategies
• Activities that help regulate their sensory systems
4. Cognitive and Visual-Motor Skills OTs use games and structured tasks to support:
• Problem-solving
• Attention and focus
• Eye-hand coordination (for things like catching a ball or copying shapes)